Löysin allaolevan artikkelin. Lisäinfoa hakusanoilla thyroid gland+surgery+(recurrent) laryngeal nerve.
Äänihuulia hermottava Nervus Laryngeus kulkee aivan kilpirauhasen takana. Kilpirauhaskirurgiassa tiedetään varoa ko hermoa.
Kuvassa anomaalinen hermo, mutta en nyt löydä normaalia anatomian kuvaa N. Recurrens Laryngealiksesta.
Tunnen monia, sekä potilaistani että ystävistäni, joille on tehty kirurginen operaatio kilpirauhaseen, joko struumakyhmyn tai syövän takia. Kenellekään ei ole tullut vauriota äänihuuliin.
Lisäksi papillaarisen karsinoman ennuste on erinomainen. Yhdeltä ystävältäni leikattiin ko syöpä noin 25 vuotta sitten eikä hänellä ole mitään muuta "haittaa", kuin että joutuu syömään Thyroxin pillereitä.
Eräältä toiselta ystävältäni poistettiin ylitoimintainen struumakyhmy. Hänen äänensä oli muutaman päivän käheä leikkauksen jälkeen ja kirurgit pelkäsivät, että äänihuulia hermottava hermo oli vaurioitunut. Hänen äänensä palautui kuitenkin normaaliksi.
Résumé / Abstract
Risk factors for
recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) lesions after thyroid gland surgery were evaluated retrospectively in 1016 patients. RLN
palsy occurred in 5.9 per cent;
the incidence of permanent palsy was 1-4 per cent as 59 per cent of paralyses were transient. For euthyroid nodular goitre, Graves' disease, chronic lymphocytic thryoiditis, recurrent goitre and thyroid carcinoma, permanent nerve damage occurred in 1.7, 4, 5, 3.8 and 8 per cent of patients respectively. In relation to the number of nerves at risk, the incidence of permanent RLN palsy was 1.1 per cent for subtotal lobectomy and 4.0 per cent for total lobectomy. The overall incidence of permanent RLN palsy was 1.8 per cent of nerves at risk.
http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=4000909
Recurrent laryngeal nerve in thyroid surgery: a critical appraisal.
* Hisham AN,
* Lukman MR.
Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Putrajaya Hospital, Malaysia.
anhisham@pd.jaring.my
BACKGROUND: Identification and preservation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is of major concern in surgery of the thyroid gland. The purpose of this study was to review the surgical anatomy of the nerve and to describe its relationship to other important structures. METHODS: A total of 325 patients were accrued in this prospective non-randomized study from January 1999 to December 2000. All patients who had total, subtotal and hemithyroidectomies were included in this study. Each side of the thyroid gland was considered as a separate unit in the analysis of the results. RESULTS: Two hundred and seventy-six patients had thyroidectomies as their primary operation, while 49 patients had them as a reoperative procedure. There were 276 women and 46 men (6:1 female to male ratio) with a mean age of 43.1 years (range: 10-84 years). The total number of dissections was 502. The RLN was clearly identified in 491 (97.8%) dissections: single trunk in 323 dissections (65.8%), two extralaryngeal branches in 164 dissections (33.4%), and three extralaryngeal branches in three dissections (0.6%). One non-recurrent laryngeal nerve was encountered (0.2%) in the series. The proximity of the RLN to the inferior thyroid artery (ITA) was noted in 444 (90.4%) dissections: 372 (83.8%) nerves were described to be posterior and intertwined between the branches of the ITA, and in 72 (16.2%) RLNs, they were observed to be anterior to the ITA. The close association of RLN to an enlarged tubercle of Zuckerkandl was documented in 381 dissections (73.7%). A total of 231 RLNs (60.8%) was seen in the tracheoesophageal groove, 18 (4.9%) nerves were observed to be lateral to the trachea, and in 109 (28.3%), they were posterior in location. Of concern in 23 (6.0%) dissections the RLN was on the anterior surface of the thyroid gland, which is at highest risk of injury before curving down to pass behind the tubercle of Zuckerkandl. It appears that the anterior course of the RLN was seen more often in the reoperative procedures to the thyroid gland (20%). CONCLUSIONS: Although various methods of localizing the RLN have been described, surgeons should be aware of the variations and have a thorough knowledge of normal anatomy in order to achieve a high standard of care. This will ensure the integrity and safety of the RLN in thyroid surgery. The anatomical variation may be minor in degree, but is of great importance as it may affect the outcome of the surgery and the patient's quality of life.
PMID: 12485227 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/quer ... t=Abstract